Powershell

Creating sites and application pools in IIS from Powershell

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I was messing around with my test/dev virtual machine over on Azure, after having blown away the old one so that I could create one with Server 2022, and got tired of creating the pools and sites manually. The code below is the result of a few hours of research and tinkering around, but works well for what I am doing.

This first part is used when creating the main part of the domain on the server.

$Domain="domain.tld"

New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path "W:\inetpub\vhosts\$Domain\" -Name httpdocs
New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path "W:\inetpub\vhosts\$Domain\" -Name logs

New-Item IIS:\AppPools\$Domain

New-Item IIS:\Sites\$Domain -bindings @{protocol="http";bindingInformation="*:80:$Domain"} -physicalPath W:\inetpub\vhosts\$Domain
Set-ItemProperty "IIS:\Sites\$Domain" -name logFile -value @{directory="W:\inetpub\vhosts\$Domain\logs"}
Set-ItemProperty IIS:\Sites\$Domain -name applicationPool -value $Domain
Code language: PowerShell (powershell)

The code below is used for adding a subdomain, and would need to have the wildcard SSL issued for the related main domain already, which I am currently getting from Let’s Encrypt via the Certify the Web application in Windows.

$Domain="sub.domain.tld"
$Parent=$Domain.Substring($Domain.IndexOf(".") + 1)
$Child=$Domain.Split('.')[0]
$Cert = (Get-ChildItem Cert:\LocalMachine\My | Where{$_.Subject -eq "CN=*.$Parent"}).ThumbPrint

New-Item W:\inetpub\vhosts\$Parent\$Child -type Directory

New-Item IIS:\AppPools\$Domain

New-Item iis:\Sites\$Domain -bindings @{protocol="http";bindingInformation="*:80:$Domain"} -physicalPath W:\inetpub\vhosts\$Parent
Set-ItemProperty "IIS:\Sites\$Domain" -name logFile -value @{directory="W:\inetpub\vhosts\$Parent\logs"}
New-IISSiteBinding -Name "$Domain" -BindingInformation "*:443:$Domain" -CertificateThumbPrint $Cert -CertStoreLocation "Cert:\LocalMachine\My" -Protocol https
Set-ItemProperty IIS:\Sites\$Domain -name applicationPool -value $Domain
Code language: PowerShell (powershell)

Finally, two simple lines that can be used to remove the pool and site for any domain/subdomain.

Remove-WebSite -Name "$Domain"
Remove-WebAppPool -Name "$Domain"
Code language: PowerShell (powershell)

Working with firewall rules

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Needed to be able to work with firewall rules on servers at work, so decided to start by getting the actual rule query and update part done, so I can add them to a more fleshed out script later.

#NetFirewallRule method for newer versions of Powershell

#Create a new test rule
New-NetFirewallRule -DisplayName "BLACKLIST_IN" -RemoteAddress 9.9.9.9 -Direction Inbound -Protocol TCP -LocalPort Any -Action Block

#Get the IP addresses in the current rule for the remote address field
$curIP = (Get-NetFirewallRule -DisplayName "BLACKLIST_IN" | Get-NetFirewallAddressFilter).RemoteAddress

#Define the new IP addresses to add, and then merge the lists
$newIPs = "9.9.9.10-9.9.9.11","9.9.9.14/31"
$addIPs = @($newIPs) + @($curIP)

#Set the rule with the new list
Set-NetFirewallRule -DisplayName "BLACKLIST_IN" -RemoteAddress $addIPs
Code language: PowerShell (powershell)
#netsh version for older versions of Powershell

#Get the current rule and convert it from comma separated to a list
$netshout = netsh advfirewall firewall show rule name="BLACKLIST_IN"
$nshIP=($netshout | findstr RemoteIP).trim("RemoteIP: ").split(",")

#Define the new IP addresses to add, and then merge the lists
$newnshIPs = "9.9.9.13","9.9.9.14/31"
$nshaddIPs = @($nshIP) + @($newnshIPs)

#Take the new list and convert back to comma separated
$IPList = ($nshaddIPs | Select-Object) -join ","

#Set the rule with the new list
netsh advfirewall firewall set rule name ="BLACKLIST_IN" new remoteip=$IPList
Code language: PowerShell (powershell)

The differences between languages…

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I’ve been learning how a few different languages can do the same task, so decided to put up the examples below.

#!/usr/bin/python

number = 5
counter = 1
while (counter <=10):
    if counter < number:
        print (counter, ' is less than ', number)
    elif counter == number:
        print (counter, ' equals ', number)
    else:
        print (counter, ' is greater than ', number)
    counter = counter + 1
Code language: Python (python)
#powershell

$numValue = @(1..10)
$counter = 0

while ($counter -lt $numValue.length){
if ($numValue[$counter] -lt 5){
    write-host "Less than`n"
}
elseif ($numValue[$counter] -eq 5) {
    write-host "Equal`n"
}
else {
    write-host "Greater than`n"
}
$counter += 1
}Code language: PowerShell (powershell)
//C++
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    int counter = 1;
    while (counter <= 10) {
        if (counter > 5) { cout << "Greater than\n"; }
        else if (counter == 5) { cout << "Equal\n"; }
        else { cout << "Less than\n"; }
        counter++;
    }
    system("pause>0");
}

Code language: C++ (cpp)